Theories

Statement answering or actual question

No less than 12 marks

Q9/10= 20 Marks

Steve Neale - Repetition and differences

Steve Neale suggests products work with instances repetition and difference. In the product I have studied …. 

Rick Altman- Generic pleasures (1999)

Emotional

Intellectual

Visceral

David Buckingham - Genres are in a constant process of negotiation and change (1993)

Claude-levi strauss - Binary opposition (1958)

    Two opposing ideas

    Protagonist vs Antagonist

    How does Mise-en-scene influence binary opposition

    How does sound enforce binary opposition

Pam Cook - Cause and effect (1085)

    Traditional narratives have a linearity of cause and effect, with an overall trajectory of         enigma resolution

Narrative structre:

Todorov's - conventional structure

Equilibrium

Disruption/disequilibrium

New equilibrium

Climax

Restoration of new equilibrium

Roland Barthes - Narrative codes (1977)

There were 7 narrative codes however there are 2 main ones:

Action code - action in the narrative that tip off the viewer about what to expect as the narrative expects 

Enigma code - Puzzles or problems to be solved or only showing some of the narrative do audience is left with a sense of mystery as to where the narrative will go next. 

Representation:

Laura Mulvey - Male Gaze

Women are objectified and represented from a masculine, heterosexual perspective that presents and represents women as sexual objects for the pleasure of the male viewer. Links to Voyeurism.

Manuel Alvarado - Racial representation

Alvarado suggested representations of ethnic minorities are limited.

Pitied

Humorous

Dangerous

Exotic (something to be feared)

Stuart hall - Preferred Meaning (1977)

Stereotypes

If we use stereotypes then people will understand better and create a preferred meaning. By stereotyping, the director will fix the meaning of a person or event

David Newmans - working class are a problem to society 

Media often working class as demons, they blame them for societies problems. They often use stereotypes to connote and denote and can be the cause of moral panic.